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| ·资讯 >> 英语 >> 语法精讲·精练 |
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| It be…句型归纳与辨析 |
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| http://www.dearedu.com 2004-12-11 第二教育网 |
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张洪领
在平时学习的过程中,会经常遇到“It is / was…that / when / before / since…”,“It is / was the first / second / third…time that…”等类似的句型,同学们往往因分不清这些句型的用法而做错题。现将这些句型归纳如下,以便同学们在学习中对比掌握。
1. It is / was…that…包括两种句型:
(1) It is / was…that(引导主语从句)
It is clear that what he said is true.
很明显他的话是对的。
(2) It is / was…that / who(强调句型)
这个句型可以强调除谓语之外的任何句子成分,被强调部分是人时,还可以用who代替that引导从句。
It was in 1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned.
他在1998年还在上中学时,他差一点被淹死。
2. It is / was+时间点+when从句
这种从句有两种情况:
(1) when为连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候已是……时间了”。
It was four o’clock in the early morning when her husband came back.
当她丈夫回来的时候已经是早晨4点了。
(2) when为关系副词,引导定语从句,意为“……是……时候”。不过这个句型容易和强调句型混淆。试区别:
<1> It was 1998 when he went abroad.(定语从句)
他是在1998年去国外的。
<2> It was in 1998 that he went abroad.(强调句型)
他是在1998年去国外的。
句<1>中的“1998”是句中It was的表语,“when he went abroad”作“1998”的定语,而句<2>中“in 1998”是被强调句型所强调的状语部分,它的原句为:He went abroad in 1998 .
3. It’s (high) time+(that)从句
注意从句的谓语动词形式用“一般过去时或should+动词原形”,意为“是该干……的时候了”。
It’s high time that we started / should start .
我们该出发了。
4. (1) It is the first / second / third…time+that从句(从句用现在完成时)
(2) It was the first / second / third…time+that从句(从句用过去完成时)
意为“某人第……次干……”。
It is the second time that I have been to Qingdao.
这是我第二次来青岛。
It was the third time that he had phoned me.
这是他第三次给我打电话。
5. (1) It is/ has been+时间段+since从句(从句用一般过去时)。“(到现在为止)干……有多长时间了”。
(2) It was+时间段+since从句(从句用过去完成时)。“(到现在为止)干……有多长时间了”。
It is / has been six years since I came to this school to teach English.
我来这学校教英语已有六年了。
It was six years since he had began to learn English.他学了六年英语了。
注意:如果从句中谓语动词是非延续性动词,表示“从该动作开始的那时刻起”;从句中的动词是延续性动词或表示状态的动词,则该从句表示“从这个动作或状态的结束时算起”;从句中谓语为延续性动词的现在(过去)完成时,则表示动作或状态延续到现在(过去),时间的起点从动作发生时算起。如:
It is / has been two years since we began to use this machine.(began为非延续性动词)
我们使用这台机器已有二年了。
It is five days since he was ill.(was为延续性动词)
他已康复五天了。
I haven’t heard any noise since I slept.(slept为延续性动词)
我醒后还未听到任何声音。
I haven’t heard from him since he has lived there.(has lived为完成时)
自从他住在那儿起,我一直没收到他的来信。
6. (1) It was (not) / should (not) be+时间段+before从句(一般过去时)
(2)It is (not) / will (not) be+时间段+before从句(一般现在时)
意为“(没)过多久就……”,“过了(一段时间)才……”
It was not long before he worked out the problem .
没过多久他便解出了这道题。
It will be two hours before he finishes his homework.
还要两个小时才能完成作业。
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