河北/陈桂兰
1. 联合国是什么时候建立的？
误：When were the United Nations founded?
正：When was the United Nations founded?
析：一些学科名词、专有名词，如physics, maths, politics, the United States, the Netherlands （荷兰），the New York Times（《纽约时报》）等，虽以s结尾，但作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
2. 依我看，有些消息是不可信的。
误：In my opinion, some of the news are unbelievable.
正：In my opinion, some of the news is unbelievable.
析：不可数名词，如news, information, progress, luggage等作主语时，谓语动词用单数
3. 所有可能的方法都试了。
误：Every possible means have been tried.
正：Every possible means has been tried.
正：All possible means have been trieds.
析：单复数词同形的名词，如means, sheep, deer, species（种类），Chinese, Japanese, Swiss（瑞士人），works（工厂）等作主语，表示复数含义时，谓语用复数；表示单数含义时，谓语用单数。
4. 警察正在搜捕凶手。
误：The police is after the murderer.
正：The police are after the murderer.
析：集合名词如police, people, cattle, youth等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。
5. 富人并不总是快乐的。
误：The rich is not always happy.
正：The rich are not always happy.
析：“定冠词the +形容词/过去分词”如the poor, the rich, the wounded, the young, the dead, the old等作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。但特指个别事物或一种抽象的概念，如the unknown（未知的事物），the unexpected （出乎意料的事），the beautiful等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。例如：
The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.
美给我们以快乐。
6. 她是那次班会上惟一受到表扬的学生。
误：She was the only one of the students who were praised at the class meeting.
正：She was the only one of the students who was praised at the class meeting.
析：在含有“one of +复数名词”结构的定语从句中，谓语动词一般用复数形式。但当one之前有the或the only 等限定词时，从句谓语动词只能用单数。
7. 他的言行与我无关。
误：What he says and does have nothing to do with me.
正：What he says and does has nothing to do with me.
析：what从句作主语时，应根据概念一致的原则，决定谓语的数。此处says and does笼统地指他的言行。试比较：What he says and does do not agree. 他言行不一致。（说的和做的是两件事。）
8. 信连同他的照片是昨天寄的。
误：The letter together with his photos were posted yesterday.
正：The letter together with his photos was posted yesterday.
析：主语后跟as well as, no less than（和……一样），rather than（而不是），with, together with, along with （和……一起），including, besides, but, except等引导的短语时，主语不受其影响，谓语动词根据主语的单复数而定。
9. 是他还是你该受到责备？
误：Were he or you to blame?
正：Was he or you to blame?
析：由or, either …or, neither …nor, not, but, not only …but （also）等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与最近的主语一致，试比较：He or you were to blame.
10. 这儿有一些纸和几个信封给你。
误：Here are some paper and a few envelopes for you.
正：Here is some paper and a few envelopes for you.
析：在由there或here引导的句子中，如果主语是并列的几个名词，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语一致。试比较：Here are a few envelopes and some paper.
11. 两个窗户之间挂着一幅画。
误：Between the two windows hang a picture.
正：Between the two windows hangs a picture.
析：在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应和其后的主语一致。
12. 不止一个人反对他的计划。
误：More than one person are against his plan.
正：More than one person is against his plan.
正：Many a person is against his plan.
析：“more than one / many a＋单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
13. 在我国，每一个男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。
误：In our country, every boy and every girl have the right to receive education.
正：In our country, every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
析：and连接的两个单数名词作主语，若前面有every, each, no, many a 等修饰时，谓语动词要用单数。
14. 第五段也就是最后一段写得好。
误：The fifth and last paragraph are well written.
正：The fifth and last paragraph is well written.
析：“the +形容词（数词）＋and +the +形容词（数词）＋单数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如去掉and后面的冠词，则谓语动词用单数。试比较：The fifth and the last paragraph are well written. 第五段和最后一段写得好。（指两段）
15. 布朗夫妇有三个孩子。
误：The Browns has three children.
正：The Browns have three children.
析：在姓氏的复数形式前加冠词，表示一家人或夫妇，是复数概念，作主语时谓语动词要用复数。
摘自 考试报
