安徽 余茂树
　　
　　1. 误：The committee has given sound reasons for the changes of plans, so we should support their decision.
　　
　　正：The committee have given sound reasons for the changes of plans, so we should support their decision.
　　
　　析：army, audience, class, committee, company, crowd, enemy, family, government, group, party, population, public, team, youth等具有生命意义的集合名词作主语时，如果被看作一个整体，谓语动词就用单数形式；如果被看成一个个成员时，则谓语动词就要用复数形式。这类词在使用时，上下文要保持一致。例句中使用的是their，因此主语应作复数看待。
　　
　　2. 误：The United Nations were founded in 1945.
　　
　　正：The United nations was founded in 1945.
　　
　　析：如果主语是某些书名、报纸杂志名、地名、组织机构名、建筑名等时，虽然这个名词可能是以复数形式出现的，但是由于它表示的是单个事物，谓语动词应用单数形式。
　　
　　3. 误：The girl and winner are jumping with joy.
　　
　　正：The girl and winner is jumping with joy.
　　
　　析：当and连接的两个单数名词所指的是同一人或同一物时，谓语动词要用单数形式。这里的the girl and winner是表示“那位获胜的女孩”。再如：Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.这一句中的bread and butter是构成同一概念的物��抹黄油的面包。
　　
　　4. 误：Each boy and each girl were invited.
　　
　　正：Each boy and each girl was invited.
　　
　　析：由and连接的几个单数名词作主语时，如果主语前有no, each, every等词修饰时，谓语动词必须用单数形式。
　　
　　5. 误：The girl together with the boys have learned to drive a car.
　　
　　正：The girl together with the boys has learned to drive a car.
　　
　　析：当主语后面跟有with, along with, together with, like, but, except, as well as, besides等介词引起的短语时，其谓语动词不受其影响。如果原来主语是单数，谓语动词仍然是单数形式；如果原来主语是复数，谓语动词仍然用复数形式。
　　
　　6. 误；All I know are that his father joined the revolution in Yan”an.
　　
　　正：All I know is that his father joined the revolution in Yan”an.
　　
　　析：不定代词all代表可数名词时，谓语动词要用复数形式；如果代表的是不可数名词（整个事物）时，谓语动词则用单数形式。
　　
　　7. 误：This kind of apples are highly priced.
　　
　　正：This kind of apples is highly priced.
　　
　　析：误句的主语是kind，而不是apples，谓语动词应用单数形式。
　　
　　8. 误：The first two of the five questions on the test paper were very difficult, the rest was easy.
　　
　　正：The first two of the five questions on the test paper were very difficult, the rest were easy.
　　
　　析：名词化的形容词（“定冠词+形容词”）作主语时，往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。当这类名词表示一类人或物时，谓语动词应用复数形式。再如：
　　
　　The strong in the village were sent to the front.
　　
　　9. 误：Planting young trees need watering.
　　
　　正：Planting young trees needs watering.
　　
　　析：动名词短语、不定式短语以及主语从句作主语时通常当作单数看待，谓语动词要用单数形式。
　　
　　10. 误：The Wangs lives on eighty yuan a month.
　　
　　正：The Wangs live on eighty yuan a month.
　　
　　析：姓氏名词的复数形式表示某一家人或夫妇俩，应该当复数看待。
　　
　　11. 误：Not only the children but also their father like to see the pictures.
　　
　　正：Not only the children but also their father likes to see the pictures.
　　
　　析：如果两个或两个以上的主语由or，either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also…连接时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常根据邻近原则，即谓语动词应同较近的一个主语保持人称和数上的一致。
　　
　　12. 误：Three-fourths of the surface of the earth are sea.
　　
　　正：Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
　　
　　析：分数、百分数在名词短语中作主语时，谓语动词的形式应根据这个名词短语的意义来考虑。如果整个名词短语有可数性质且为复数意义，谓语动词就用复数形式，否则用单数形式。
　　
　　摘自 考试报