名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句，是高考的一个考查热点。
一、考查主语从句
在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。引导主语从句的词有that，whether，who，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever，when，where，how，why等。
例1 ____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A.No matter what B.No matter which
C.Whatever D.Whichever
解析：答案为D。whichever 表示“无论哪一个”，在此引导主语从句。no matter which 应该引导状语从句。
【高考模拟题】 ____ wants to talk with the foreigners will get together at the school gate.
A.No matter who B.Who
C.Whoever D.Whom
本题参考答案为C。
例2 ____makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever
解析：答案为A。what引导名词性从句时本身有意义，即表示“什么”或“所……的事物”，同时又在从句中作一定的成分。whoever引导名词性从句时相当于anyone who或those who。whatever引导名词性从句时相当于anything that。
【高考模拟题】 ____ surprised me most is how they finished the work in such a short time.
A.What B.That
C.The thing D.Which
本题参考答案为A。
二、考查表语从句
在句中充当表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的词有that，whether，who，what，which，when，where，how，why，as if，as though，because等。
例3 See the flags on top of the building? That was____ we did this morning.
A.when B.which C.where D.what
解析：答案为D。what 在此引导表语从句，同时作表语从句中谓语动词did的宾语。该句的意思为：那就是今天早上我们所做的。
【高考模拟题】 The reason why she was upset was ____ her son didn’t pass the final exam.
A.that B.so C.why D.because
本题参考答案为A。
三、考查同位语从句
在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句通常用在idea，news，fact，promise，suggestion，belief，truth， reason， chance等名词的后面，说明该名词所表示的具体内容。引导同位语从句的词有that，how，when，where等。
例4 Doris’ success lies in the fact ____ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.
A.which B.that C.when D.why
解析：答案为B。that 引导同位语从句，进一步解释说明fact的内容。
【高考模拟题】 Do you have any idea ____ is actually going on in the classroom?
A.that B.what C.as D.which
本题参考答案为B。
四、考查宾语从句
在句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有that，whether，if，who，which，what，whoever，whichever，whatever，when，where，why，how等。
例5 —What did your parents think about your decision?
—They always let me do ____ I think I should.
A.when B.that C.how D.what
解析：答案为D。what I think I should（do）作do的宾语。该句意思为：他们总是让我做我认为我应该做的事情。
【高考模拟题】 After ____ seemed half an hour the teacher gave us the correct answer.
A.that B.what C.which D.it
本题参考答案为B。
例6 These shoes look very good. I wonder ____.
A.how much cost they are B.how much do they cost
C.how much they cost D.how much are they cost
解析：答案为C。how 引导的从句作wonder的宾语。这里要注意宾语从句（特殊疑问句时）的语序，应该用陈述句语序。
【高考模拟题】 In order to make his students understand the text， he explained it to ____ wanted to listen.
A.whoever B.who C.whichever D.which
本题参考答案为A。１t23
【考题设计】
1.—Could you do me a favour?
—It depends on ____ it is.
A.which B.whichever
C.what D.whatever
2.We haven’t settled the question of ____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.
A.if B.where C.whether D.that
3.I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited.
A.why it does B.what he does
C.how it is D.what it is
4.—It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the story，believe it or not，____ we got lost on a rainy night.
A.which B.that C.what D.when
5.____is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger， more prosperous economy.
A.As B.That C.This D.It
6.There is much chance ____ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A.that B.which C.until D.if
【参考答案】 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.A
